Life and works of John Milton
Milton was born on 9th December 1608, eight years before the death of Shakespeare. he was born at the spread eagle in breadstreet, cheapside. Milton was a Londoner. at the age of twelve Milton was sent to St paul 's school. at home he was taught by edward young. Milton has given him tribute in his fourth Elegy. it was edward who developed the taste of classical literature in Milton. according to aubrey' s testimony, Milton studied very hard. at the age of sixteen Milton was sent to Christ church college, Cambridge in the year 1625. he was given the nickname of "The lady of Christ's". he got into some trouble with his college tutor William chappell and was sent away for sometime. he took degrees of BA and MA in 1629 and 1632. Milton returned to his home at the age of 24. Next five years Milton lived in the village of horton. here he wrote l'allegro, il penseroso, comus and lycidas. he wrote a letter to his friend diodati revealing his inner urge to become a greater poet. his mother died in 1637 and he decided to take a tour of the continent. he now desired to fill his ears with the tuscan speech. at Paris, he met the Dutch Scholar grotius. then he stayed in florence for two months. then in Rome for two months. lucas holstenius introduced him to francesco barberini at whose palace Milton heard leonora baroni sing. he addressed three Latin epigrams to this lady. Milton also wrote 5 Italian poems to an unknown Italian beauty. in November Milton went to naples where he met giovanni battista manso. at florence he had an interview with galileo whom he has mentioned as the 'tuscan artist' in the book 1 of paradise lost. after his tour of one year and three months, he returned to England.
he became a school master in 1643 and undertook the education of john and edward philips, the son of his only sister. he wrote 25 pamphlets to defend the liberty of the English people. they include - Of reformation touching church discipline, of prelatical episcopacy, animadversions, reason of church gonernmvet apology for smeclymnvus. all of these were written between 1641-1642. Milton in his pamphlets demanded the abolishment of episcopacy and the establishment of presbyterian system in England. Milton married mary powell in 1643. Milton was 35 and his wife was 17. she returned to his father's house. this tragic marriage is reflected in samson agonistes. between 1643-1645 he published 'the doctrines and disciples divorce', 'the judgement of mar - in bucer concerning divorce', telrachodon and colesterion. there were talks that Milton was going to marry miss davis so ann powell returned and they had one son who died in infancy and three daughters, Mary died in 1652 at the age of 26. his 'tracate of Education' and Aeropagitica were both published in 1644. the latter defends the liberty of press. it's Milton's best prose work. his father in law died in 1646 and his father died in 1647. he went to a smaller house in High Holborn. in February 1649, he published his Tenure of kings and Magistrates in which he justified the execution of Charles I. the book was written before the execution. The Republican Regime appointed him secretary for foreign tongue to the council of states in March 1949. Milton was now called to write a reply to Elkon Basilike or the Royal Image. Milton wrote in Latin his Eikonoklastes or the Image Breaker. Charles II who was living in exile in France asked Salmasius to defend his father. he wrote Defensio Regia which came in 1949. Milton's reply was entitled Pro Populo Anglicano Defencio or A defence of the people of England which came in 1651. Salmasius again wrote a reply which appeared after the Restoration.
Milton had already lost his left eye and in 1652, he also lost his right. in 1652 appeared a Latin work entitled Regii Sanguinis clamor Presumed written by Morus. Milton replied with his Defensio Secunda (1654). according to Tillyard this is the fourth apex in Milton's metal progress. Morus was in reality not the author of the book still he replied with his Fides Publica. in 1655 Milton published his Defensio Pro Se. In 1656-1658 Milton began writing De Doctrina Christina. his second wife named Catherine was the daughter of captain woodcock. she died in child bed after 15 months of marriage. he wrote 'on my deceased wife' in her memory.
His last pamphlets include Civil power in Ecclesiatical causes, likeliest means to remove hirelings from the church. both published in 1659., Ready and easy way to establish a free commonwealth 1660.
the Republicans government fell in 1660. Charles II was restored to the throne. he was welcomes at Dover. Milton was ordered to be placed in the custody of sergeant at arms. eikonoklates and Defensio were burnt by the hangman. his powerful friends including the poet Andrew Marvell, secretary morris, sir Thomas clarges and d'avenant whose life Milton had saved in 1650 included his name in the indemnity bill for general pardon.
on the advice of his friend Dr paget, Milton married to elizabeth minshull in 1663. in 1662, Milton had moved to artillery walk near bunhill fields which was his last permanent address. Milton then produced paradise lost the greatest poetry of England. in 1665, during the great plague Milton went to chalfont where he showed paradise lost to his quaker friend Thomas ellwood.. he inspired him to write paradise regained. paradise regained and Samson agonistes were both published in 1671. Samson is the last work of our puritan poet. the hero Samson was blind.
his father property was destroyed by the great fire in 1666. his own property worth 60 a year was already confiscated. he died on November 8, 1674. he was buried near his father in St Giles church cripplegate.
he became a school master in 1643 and undertook the education of john and edward philips, the son of his only sister. he wrote 25 pamphlets to defend the liberty of the English people. they include - Of reformation touching church discipline, of prelatical episcopacy, animadversions, reason of church gonernmvet apology for smeclymnvus. all of these were written between 1641-1642. Milton in his pamphlets demanded the abolishment of episcopacy and the establishment of presbyterian system in England. Milton married mary powell in 1643. Milton was 35 and his wife was 17. she returned to his father's house. this tragic marriage is reflected in samson agonistes. between 1643-1645 he published 'the doctrines and disciples divorce', 'the judgement of mar - in bucer concerning divorce', telrachodon and colesterion. there were talks that Milton was going to marry miss davis so ann powell returned and they had one son who died in infancy and three daughters, Mary died in 1652 at the age of 26. his 'tracate of Education' and Aeropagitica were both published in 1644. the latter defends the liberty of press. it's Milton's best prose work. his father in law died in 1646 and his father died in 1647. he went to a smaller house in High Holborn. in February 1649, he published his Tenure of kings and Magistrates in which he justified the execution of Charles I. the book was written before the execution. The Republican Regime appointed him secretary for foreign tongue to the council of states in March 1949. Milton was now called to write a reply to Elkon Basilike or the Royal Image. Milton wrote in Latin his Eikonoklastes or the Image Breaker. Charles II who was living in exile in France asked Salmasius to defend his father. he wrote Defensio Regia which came in 1949. Milton's reply was entitled Pro Populo Anglicano Defencio or A defence of the people of England which came in 1651. Salmasius again wrote a reply which appeared after the Restoration.
Milton had already lost his left eye and in 1652, he also lost his right. in 1652 appeared a Latin work entitled Regii Sanguinis clamor Presumed written by Morus. Milton replied with his Defensio Secunda (1654). according to Tillyard this is the fourth apex in Milton's metal progress. Morus was in reality not the author of the book still he replied with his Fides Publica. in 1655 Milton published his Defensio Pro Se. In 1656-1658 Milton began writing De Doctrina Christina. his second wife named Catherine was the daughter of captain woodcock. she died in child bed after 15 months of marriage. he wrote 'on my deceased wife' in her memory.
His last pamphlets include Civil power in Ecclesiatical causes, likeliest means to remove hirelings from the church. both published in 1659., Ready and easy way to establish a free commonwealth 1660.
the Republicans government fell in 1660. Charles II was restored to the throne. he was welcomes at Dover. Milton was ordered to be placed in the custody of sergeant at arms. eikonoklates and Defensio were burnt by the hangman. his powerful friends including the poet Andrew Marvell, secretary morris, sir Thomas clarges and d'avenant whose life Milton had saved in 1650 included his name in the indemnity bill for general pardon.
on the advice of his friend Dr paget, Milton married to elizabeth minshull in 1663. in 1662, Milton had moved to artillery walk near bunhill fields which was his last permanent address. Milton then produced paradise lost the greatest poetry of England. in 1665, during the great plague Milton went to chalfont where he showed paradise lost to his quaker friend Thomas ellwood.. he inspired him to write paradise regained. paradise regained and Samson agonistes were both published in 1671. Samson is the last work of our puritan poet. the hero Samson was blind.
his father property was destroyed by the great fire in 1666. his own property worth 60 a year was already confiscated. he died on November 8, 1674. he was buried near his father in St Giles church cripplegate.
Comments
Post a Comment